^13:16 It also forced all people, great and small, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark on their right hands or on their foreheads,

It also forced all people,

There is no exclusion, and once the MARK is taken, that person's eternal destiny is determined (Revelation 14:9-11).

great and small,

According to Hebrews 8:11, ALL shall know Me (Jesus), from the least to the greatest of them. This is Satan's counterfeit of that passage of Scripture.

rich and poor,

This is both materially and spiritually (Luke 16:19-31).

free and slave,

This is unknown in Christ's world (Galatians 3:28), so this must be a worldly distinction.

to receive a MARK

• on their right hands or {if they don't have a right hand}
• on their FOREHEADS, {which all living persons have.}

Much has been written about this MARK. There is speculation from ultraviolet tatoos to implantable ID chips to universal credit card, but that doesn't explain primitive peoples in the "ALL part" of this verse. Thus one should consider this as a symbolic commitment to worshiip the IMAGE (like a gang symbol) or a food voucher program (see next verse).

Moses indicated that it was a reminder of belonging to a special group, those who exited from Egypt, and was to be taught continually (Exodus 13:3-16).